What Happens After a Pope’s Passing?

The transition period known as “Sede Vacante” begins as the Catholic Church embarks on selecting a successor following Pope Francis’ passing.

Key Takeaways

Pope Francis has passed away at age 88, leading to the beginning of Sede Vacante.
During Sede Vacante, the College of Cardinals manages the Church and all significant decisions are on hold.
A papal conclave will be convened to elect the next Pope, requiring a two-thirds majority vote.
White smoke from the Sistine Chapel signals the election of a new Pope.
The new pope delivers his first blessing and address following the announcement “Habemus Papam.”

The End of a Papacy and the Beginning of Sede Vacante

Pope Francis, the 266th pope and first from the Americas, has died at the age of 88, commencing the interregnum. Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the camerlengo, confirmed the Pope’s death by traditional means, marking the seat of St. Peter as vacant. This triggers the ceremonial burning of the Fisherman’s Ring and sealing of the papal apartment.

The Church enters a nine-day period of mourning called ‘Novendial,’ where simplified rites are observed during Pope Francis’ funeral. His death marks a pivotal period for the Catholic Church, with responsibilities temporarily resting on the shoulders of the College of Cardinals. Major Vatican decisions remain paused, awaiting the election of a new pontiff.

The death of Pope Francis sets in motion a carefully orchestrated transition aimed at ensuring the stability and continuity of the Roman Catholic Church.

Here’s what happens next. https://t.co/cJ4enZ4Jbq pic.twitter.com/EKeFaS3AM0

— The Washington Post (@washingtonpost) April 21, 2025

The Papal Conclave: Choosing a Successor

During the Sede Vacante, a conclave is planned within 15 to 20 days to elect a new pope. Only cardinals under 80 partake in the secret conclave inside the Sistine Chapel. Ballots are cast in a golden chalice, and a two-thirds majority is needed for a successful election. If no candidate earns the necessary votes within three days, deliberations are paused and then resumed.

The conclave’s results are indicated by smoke signals: black for no decision, and white for a newly elected pope. Following election, acceptance of the role and selection of a papal name occur. The dividend of tradition meets modernity as the papal successor accedes to the Throne in a solemn ceremony before sealing his place in history.

The New Era Commences

Once a new leader of the Church is chosen, the pronouncement of “Habemus papam” rings from St. Peter’s Basilica. The new pope then offers his first public greeting and blessing to the faithful from the balcony, concluding the Sede Vacante and transition process.